301 vs 302 Redirects: Choosing the Right One
When you move a page or change a URL, you need to tell browsers and search engines where to find the new content. That's what HTTP redirects are for. But not all redirects are created equal — the two most common types, 301 and 302, send very different signals to the web.
What Is a 301 Redirect?
A 301 redirect means "Moved Permanently." It tells browsers and search engines that the original URL has been retired forever and the content now lives at a new address. Once a search engine processes a 301, it will update its index to replace the old URL with the new one.
- Used for permanent URL changes (e.g., domain migrations)
- Passes the majority of link equity (ranking power) to the new URL
- Browsers cache the redirect, so repeat visitors go directly to the new URL
- Search engines eventually de-index the old URL
What Is a 302 Redirect?
A 302 redirect means "Found" (or "Moved Temporarily"). It tells the browser to go to a different URL for now, but the original URL is still valid and may be used again in the future.
- Used for short-term redirects (e.g., A/B testing, seasonal promotions)
- Does not transfer link equity reliably in all search engines
- Browsers do not cache the redirect — they always check the original URL first
- Search engines typically keep the original URL in their index
Side-by-Side Comparison
| Feature | 301 Permanent | 302 Temporary |
|---|---|---|
| HTTP Status Code | 301 | 302 |
| Meaning | Moved Permanently | Found / Moved Temporarily |
| SEO Link Equity | Mostly passed | Not reliably passed |
| Browser Caching | Yes (cached) | No (not cached) |
| Index Behavior | Old URL replaced | Old URL kept |
| Best Used For | Permanent moves, migrations | A/B tests, maintenance pages |
Common Mistakes to Avoid
- Using 302 when you mean 301: Many developers default to 302 without realizing it. If your URL change is permanent, always use a 301.
- Forgetting to update internal links: Even with redirects in place, internal links pointing to old URLs create unnecessary redirect hops.
- Chaining redirects: Avoid sending a 301 to a URL that itself redirects — this creates a redirect chain that slows page load and dilutes SEO value.
How to Implement Them
In Apache (.htaccess):
Redirect 301 /old-page /new-page
Redirect 302 /temp-page /other-page
In Nginx:
return 301 https://example.com/new-page;
return 302 https://example.com/other-page;
The Bottom Line
When in doubt, ask yourself: "Is this URL change permanent?" If yes, use a 301. If you're unsure or the change is temporary, use a 302 — but revisit it and switch to a 301 once the decision is final. Getting this right from the start protects your SEO performance and ensures users always land where you intend.